Class 12 Compulsory English Technology Notes

Working with words

A. Choose the correct words from the box to complete the following sentences.

• a. I think that covering up the facts is equivalent to lying really.
• b. If there is not a substantial move to public transport, we will have deceleration and the whole regeneration will not work.
• c. Each new leader would blame his predecessor for all the evils of the past.
• d. We have, in fact, envisioned a better world and have made it happen.
• e. The main linear actuators of the pneumatic systems are cylinders.
• f. The barrel was short and the bullet emerged at subsonic speed.
• g. The city is said to receive two-fifths of the total freight delivered in the country.
• h. It would still take four hours to get down, in a spiral of gridlock.
• i. Apparently, the magician will be doing some levitation on the stage tomorrow.
• j. We might be experiencing some turbulence on this flight due to an approaching electrical storm.

B. Add three more words that are formed with the following prefixes.

• a. hyper: hyperloop, hypersensitive, hyperlipidaemia, hyperinflation
• b. ultra: ultrahigh, ultralight, ultrashort, ultrabasic, ultrafiche
• c. up: uphill, Upwork, upside, uplift
• d. over: overcoming, overwhelm, overdrunk, oversized
• e. multi: multibillion, multinational, multicultural, multiply

Comprehension

Answer the following questions.

a. What is a hyperloop? How does it work?

Hyperloop is a planned train that would be capable of travelling at incredible speeds. It’s superfast because it’s enclosed in a tube with no air in it. As a result of the lack of air, there will be no friction to slow the train down.

b. How is hyperloop more beneficial than the traditional trains?

Hyperloop is much beneficial and superior than any traditional or a high-speed rail. It’s less expensive and uses less energy since the track doesn’t have to provide electricity to the pods constantly and because the pods may depart every 30 seconds, it’s more like a demand-based service.

c. Does hyperloop have a successful history? How?

No, it does not have a successful history since the original concept for hyperloop was to use waggons and pneumatic tubes to transport mail and parcels between buildings.

d. Write the contributions of Robert Goddard and Elon Musk for the development of hyperloop.

In order to provide ultra-fast intercity transport, Space X and Tesla founder Elon Musk created the hyperloop idea. In addition to automobiles, aircraft, boats, and trains, Elon envisions a “fifth mode” of transportation that utilises travel pods housed within steel tubes. He revived interest in the idea of hyperloop in August 2013 with his ‘Hyperloop Alpha’ paper.

The ‘vactrain’ idea, created by Robert Goddard in the early 20th century, is clearly a prototype of the hyperloop. Since then, a slew of similar concepts have been proposed.

e. What relation does speed have with air resistance? Explain.

More Air resistance decreases the speed of a moving body and vice versa. Since, Hyperloop will travel through the vacuum tubes, the speed will drastically increase as the result of no-air resistance.

f. What are hyperloop capsules compared with? How are they similar?

Because both Hyperloop and Boeing 747 accelerate at the same measure of acceleration, Hyperloop capsules are likened to Boeing 747.

g. How do the passengers feel while travelling via hyperloop? What will be done to make it luxurious?

On a hyperloop, the passengers feel approximately the same as riding a lift or a passenger aircraft. The cabin shows beautiful scenery and each passenger has access to his or her own private amusement systems, to let them have a easeful travel.

h. Why does the writer doubt about the success of hyperloop? What does the success depend on?

Hyperloop’s success will be determined on the destinations, the local economy, and the geographical location. The author has concerns regarding hyperloop’s viability because of the enormous multibillion-dollar expenditure and the fact that the projects are still in the pilot and experimental phases. In the past, Nikola Tesla and Elon Musk had already closed the same concept program, due to no response from government authorities.

Critical thinking

a. Is the hyperloop the future of transportation or just a dream? What do you think? Justify your opinion with suitable reasons.

Basically, Hyperloop is a conceptual transport system in which passengers are loaded into pods and fired through vacuum tubes all at a supersonic speed. Hyperloop isn’t just about speed; it also aims to be environmentally friendly.

The concept just like of Hyperloop is not new though. Pneumatic tubes for the parcel, mail, and money transfers found widespread acceptance in the 19th century and are still used at supermarkets, postal sorting stations, and banks today. Hyperloop’s concept resembles the pneumatic mail delivery systems. Even flying on the air seemed to be impossible on past days but now travelling via air is common for us. So no one can say that it’s not possible because everything which was a dream once, is reality now.

In conclusion, we can see that Hyperloop may become the future of transportation systems worldwide. If this becomes a reality, even though it is not expected for decades, there will be an immense imp