Unit 15

Conservation of Earth

 

1. The meanings of some of the words from the text are given below. Find the words and write them down next to their meanings.

 

1. no longer in existence

 

1. to hunt birds or animals illegally

 

1. a period of ten years

 

1. people in your family who lived a long time ago

 

1. kind or type

 

1. people who take an active part in the protection of the environment g. the atmosphere in which plants and animals can live h. suitable to live in

 

Answer

 

1. no longer in existence: extinct

 

1. to hunt birds or animals illegally: poaching

 

1. a period of ten years: decade

 

1. people in your family who lived a long time ago: ancestors

 

1. kind or type: species

 

1. people who take an active part in the protection of the environment: conservationists

 

1. the atmosphere in which plants and animals can live: biosphere

 

1. suitable to live in: habitable

 

1. Read the text again and write True or False for these statements.

 

1. You feel at home when you live in your usual place.

 

1. Conservationists started to work saving animals only recently.

 

1. There are thousands of undiscovered species on the Earth.

 

1. Humans will also die out if they go on destroying the biosphere.

 

1. Scientists have already found another habitable planet.

 

Answer

 

1. You feel at home when you live in your usual place. True

 

1. Conservationists started to work saving animals only recently. False

 

1. There are thousands of undiscovered species on the Earth. True

 

1. Humans will also die out if they go on destroying the biosphere. True

 

1. Scientists have already found another habitable planet. False

 

1. Read the text again and answer these questions.

 

1. How is it possible for polar bears to live in the Arctic?

 

1. Why can’t wild creatures survive for long in a different habitat?

 

1. What have the conservationists done to save some specific species?

 

1. What is the impact of cutting down trees?

 

1. Where are many of the new species of creatures found?

 

1. What is the contribution of other creatures to humans?

 

1. Why do you think scientists are looking for oxygen and water vapour on other planets?

 

Answer

 

1. Polar bears can live in the Arctic because they have thick layers of fat that protect them from freezing temperatures.

 

1. Wild creatures can’t survive for long in different habitats because they are used to their individual climate and the other species in the same habitat.

 

1. Conservationists have banned hunting, poaching and overfishing to save specific species.

 

1. The impact of cutting down trees is on the loss of the habitat for the wild animals.

 

1. Many new species of creatures are found in areas and habitat for the wild animals.

 

1. Other creatures in the biosphere provide humans with food, building materials, fuel and medicine.

 

1. I think scientists are looking for oxygen and water vapour on other planet because the earth might not support all the living creatures on earth.

 

1. If you got the chance to go to another planet to live, what five things would you take with you? Make a list and talk to your friends. Give reasons why you would want to take those particular items with you.

 

Answer

 

If I got the chance to go to another planet to live, I would take those five things with me. Here is a list of five items

 

1. Water Filtration System:

 

Reason: Access to clean water is essential for survival. Carrying a healthy water filtration system would help ensure a sustainable and safe water supply, especially if the planet’s water sources are not immediately usable.

 

2. Medical Kit with Advanced Diagnostic Tools:

 

Reason: Health is of the greatest importance, and having a well-equipped medical kit with advanced diagnostic tools would be crucial. This would help in identifying and treating potential health issues early on, ensuring the well-being of the settlers.

 

Remember, the specific items might vary depending on the nature of the planet, its atmosphere, resources, and the technology available at the time of the journey. It’s important to plan for both survival essentials and tools that contribute to the quality of life in a new and potentially challenging environment.

 

3. Sustainable Food Production System:

 

Reason: It’s crucial to have a reliable source of food on a strange planet where Earth-like ecosystems might not exist. A self-sustaining food production system, such as hydroponics or aeroponics, could ensure a continuous and varied food supply.

 

4. Portable Power Generation System:

 

Reason: Reliable power is essential for various activities, including running life support systems, maintaining communication devices, and powering essential equipment. A portable and efficient power generation system, perhaps solar-based, could provide a consistent energy source.

 

5. Advanced Communication Equipment:

 

Reason: Staying connected with Earth and fellow settlers is vital for both psychological well-being and survival. Advanced communication devices would facilitate real-time communication, information exchange, and updates on any developments back on Earth.

 

 

 

Grammar I

 

1. These sentences are from Reading I. Complete them with the missing words.

 

1. They can protect themselves from freezing temperatures ………….. they have thick layers of fat.

 

1. ………….. you may not be friends with all of your neighbours, you may know them.

 

1. Survival of some species has become difficult ………….. global warming is causing ice caps to melt.

 

1. This was a great start, ………., people realised that saving a single species was not enough.

 

1. We have to make an important decision………. protect different species from becoming extinct.

 

1. They are searching for other planets in our solar system ………….. the human species and other creatures can move

 

there to live.

 

Answer

 

1. They can protect themselves from freezing temperatures because they have thick layers of fat.

 

1. Although you may not be friends with all of your neighbours, you may know them.

 

1. Survival of some species has become difficult because global warming is causing ice caps to melt.

 

1. This was a great start, but people realised that saving a single species was not enough.

 

1. We have to make an important decision in order to protect different species from becoming extinct.

 

1. They are searching for other planets in our solar system so that the human species and other creatures can move there to live.

 

1. Complete these sentences with but/because/because of/so that/in order to/therefore/although.

 

1. I can’t walk any more ………………… I’ve been walking all day.

 

1. He could not join the army………………… of his visual impairment.

 

1. I like dogs a lot ………………… they are usually friendly.

 

1. ………………… our class teacher was sick, she still came to school.

 

1. I went to the bank………………… I could withdraw some money.

 

1. ………………… the heavy traffic, we could not reach the cinema in time.

 

1. ………………… Sima was tired, she did her homework before she went to bed.

 

1. She is talking clearly………………… impress the headteacher.

 

1. I work a lot………………… I do not get good grades.

 

Answer

 

1. I can’t walk anymore because I’ve been walking all day.

 

1. He could not join the army because of his visual impairment.

 

1. I like dogs a lot because they are usually friendly.

 

1. Although our class teacher was sick, she still came to school.

 

1. I went to the bank so that I could withdraw some money.

 

1. Because of the heavy traffic, we could not reach the cinema in time.

 

1. Although Sima was tired, she did her homework before she went to bed.

 

1. She is talking clearly in order to impress the headteacher.

 

1. I work a lot but I do not get good grades.

 

Writing I

 

Some people think that listening to the radio and watching television is important for students, while others believe that it impacts them negatively. Write an essay expressing your opinion about it.

 

Answer

 

The Impact of Radio and Television on Students

 

In today’s digital age, the impact of various media forms on students is a subject of debate. Among these media forms, radio and television have long been a part of our lives, providing both entertainment and information. While some argue that listening to the radio and watching television is important for students, others believe that it has a negative impact on their development. In my opinion, these mediums can be both beneficial and harmful to students, depending on the content and extent of exposure.

 

On the positive side, educational programs on radio and television provide a valuable resource for students. Documentaries, science shows, and informative discussions can enhance students’ knowledge and stimulate curiosity. Moreover, these mediums offer an alternative learning platform that may cater to diverse learning styles, making education more accessible and engaging.

 

However, the negative impact arises when excessive exposure to entertainment content supersedes educational content. Mindless television or radio consumption can lead to distraction, reduced productivity, and even impaired sleep patterns. Excessive exposure to advertisements may also contribute to materialistic values and unhealthy lifestyle choices.

 

Ultimately, it’s crucial to strike a balance. Properly curated and age-appropriate content can harness the educational potential of these mediums. Parents and educators play a pivotal role in guiding students to make informed choices about their media consumption. Implementing media literacy programs in schools can empower students to critically evaluate content and discern between valuable educational material and potentially harmful content. In conclusion, when used judiciously, radio and television can be powerful tools for student learning and enrichment.

 

 

Notice

 

1. Match the words in column A with their meanings in column B.

 

1. rapid i. a plan made to do something

 

b. infection		ii. a thing that can be chosen out of two or more possibilities
c. vaccination		iii. happening quickly or in a short period of time
d. arrangement		iv. the act of giving a person a vaccine
e. alternative		v. the act or process of causing or getting a disease
Answer
a. rapid	iii. happening quickly or in a short period of time
b. infection	v. the act or process of causing or getting a disease

 

1. vaccination iv. the act of giving a person a vaccine

 

1. arrangement i. a plan made to do something

 

1. alternative ii. a thing that can be chosen out of two or more possibilities

 

1. Answer these questions.

 

1. What is the notice about?

 

1. Why did the government decide to close all the schools?

 

1. How long will the schools remain closed?

 

1. What are the parents asked to do?

 

1. What are universities suggested about the examinations?

 

Answer

 

1. The notice is about the closure of all schools in Nepal from 27th Poush to 15th Magh due to the rapid spread of COVID-19 infection.

 

1. The government decided to close all the schools in Nepal due to the rapid spread of COVID-19 infection. The infection has been spreading rapidly in recent days, and the government is concerned about the health and safety of students and teachers.

 

1. The schools will remain closed for about three weeks, from 27th Poush to 15th Magh.

 

1. Parents are asked to contact schools and take their children for vaccination on the specified dates.

 

1. Universities are suggested to conduct pre-scheduled examinations following the public health and safety standards.

 

 

1. Imagine that a friend of yours was absent from the class on a particular day. Now, draft a message in your own words to communicate the notice to him or her.

 

Answer

 

Hi Prakriti,

 

Hope this message finds you well. I just wanted to give you a heads-up that you missed an interesting day in class today. We covered that activity, and there were some important announcements regarding the lesson.

 

If you need notes or want a quick recap, feel free to reach out to me. I can share my class notes and fill you in on anything you might have missed. Also, don’t forget to check in with Pandit Sir to make sure you’re up to date on any assignments or tasks.

 

Let me know if there’s anything else you need or if you want more details about what went on in class today. Looking forward to catching up with you soon!

 

Take care,

 

Suman

 

 

 

Writing II

 

1. Write a short notice on behalf of your school about a one-day closure of the school. Give a reason in the notice as to why the school will remain closed.

 

Answer

 

Khairahani Secondary School

 

Khairahani-6, Chitwan

 

January 11, 2024

 

Notice: One-Day School Closure

 

Dear Parents, Students, and Staff,

 

We hope this notice finds you well. We would like to inform you that Khairahani Secondary School will be closed for one day on January 11, 2024 due to Opening Ceremony of Khichara Mahotsav. This closure is necessary to manage the crowd.

 

The school will resume its normal schedule on January 12, 2024. We apologize for any inconvenience this closure may cause and appreciate your understanding.

 

For any urgent matters or queries, please feel free to contact our administrative office during regular working hours.

 

Thank you for your cooperation.

 

Sincerely,

 

Janak Sharma

 

Principal

 

Grammar II

 

1. Combine the following pairs of sentences using the connectives given in the brackets.

 

1. She is very rich. She lives a simple life. (although)

 

1. He is ill. He wants to meet me. (in spite of)

 

1. She works carefully. She makes many mistakes. (although)

 

1. I went to the grocery. I could buy some rice. (so that)

 

1. She has got good grades. She has not passed the entrance test. (however)

 

1. He ran away. He was afraid. (because)

 

1. We did not go out. It was raining heavily. (because of)

 

1. It was hot. We went to play football. (although)

 

1. She bought a book. She bought a pencil. (and)

 

1. He likes dancing. He doesn’t like singing. (but)

 

Answer

 

1. Although she is very rich, she lives a simple life.

 

1. In spite of being ill, he wants to meet me.

 

1. Although she works carefully, she makes many mistakes.

 

1. I went to the grocery so that I could buy some rice.

 

1. She has got good grades; however, she has not passed the entrance test.

 

1. He ran away because he was afraid.

 

1. We did not go out because of the heavy rain.

 

1. Although it was hot, we went to play football.

 

1. She bought a book and a pencil.

 

1. He likes dancing, but he doesn’t like singing.